Theoretical and experimental studies on the captured electron population probability of hydrogen-like O and N ions in collision with Al surface

The study of the interaction between highly charged ions and solid surfaces not only has great significance for basic scientific research such as atomic physics, astrophysics, high energy density physics but also promising application prospects in biomedicine, nanotechnology, surface analysis, microelectronics. In this paper, intermediate Rydberg states formed during <inline-formula><tex-math id="M10">\begin{document}${\rm{O}}^{7+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="13-20212434_M10.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M10.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> id="M11">\begin{document}${\rm{N}}^{6+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M11.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M11.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> incident on Al are studied theoretically by using two-state vector model. Both probability electron capture into different id="M12">\begin{document}$\left(n_{A}=2-7\right)$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M12.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M12.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> most probable neutralization distances given. calculation shows that larger principal quantum number id="M13">\begin{document}$n_{A}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M13.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M13.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> is relevant to smaller probability. Therefore, X-rays emitted id="M14">\begin{document}${\rm{O}}^{7+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M14.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M14.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> id="M15">\begin{document}${\rm{N}}^{6+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M15.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M15.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> come mainly from de-excitation id="M16">\begin{document}$n_{A}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M16.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M16.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> ground state. order confirm calculations, we measured X-ray emission spectra id="M17">\begin{document}${\rm{O}}^{7+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M17.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M17.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> id="M18">\begin{document}${\rm{N}}^{6+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M18.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M18.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> collisions with range 3–20 keV/q. experiments were performed at an ECR ion source located Institute modern physics. We calculated transition energies (n<i>p</i>–1<i>s</i>) state FAC code. center <i>K</i> peak close n = 2 1, it consistent our results obtained model well. addition, found experimental yield id="M19">\begin{document}${\rm{O}}^{7+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M19.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M19.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> incidence lower almost same id="M20">\begin{document}${\rm{N}}^{6+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M20.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M20.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> ions, higher collisions. When kinetic low, owing decay “above surface” hollow atoms. Because small difference critical electrons id="M21">\begin{document}${\rm{O}}^{7+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M21.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M21.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> id="M22">\begin{document}${\rm{N}}^{6+}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M22.jpg"/><graphic xlink:href="13-20212434_M22.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> form atoms, yields produced both cases low contrast, increasing energy, have a long-range target, so contribution “below atoms need be considered time.